Military

Ohioans have participated in every military conflict involving the United States of America from the American Revolution until present day. Numerous prominent military leaders have ties to the state. William Henry Harrison, Ulysses S. Grant, William T. Sherman, George Armstrong Custer, Curtis LeMay, and numerous others lived in Ohio at some point in their lives. Ohioans have also been at the forefront of improving military technology. The Wright brothers were the first people to develop a working airplane. Scientists in Dayton and at the Battelle Memorial Institute helped develop the atomic bomb during World War II. Thousands of Ohioans gave their lives in defense of their country in the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the Spanish-American War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the various Persian Gulf Wars, and numerous other smaller conflicts. During the American Civil War, more than 300,000 Ohioans served in the Northern military, with nearly twenty-five thousand men dying. Ohioans also participated in the various wars against American Indians, driving these people from Ohio and much of the rest of the United States of America.

To learn more about Ohio's military history, please browse these entries at your leisure.

There are 254 entries matching this topic. They are listed below in alphabetical order.

Airco DH.4 Bomber: During World War I, the Airco DH.4 Bomber was the only plane built in the United States of America to be flown in battle. . . .
American Civil War: The American Civil War is one of the greatest conflicts in American history. . . .
American Revolution: The American Revolution was fought between England and thirteen of its North American colonies. Most historians maintain that the war began on April 19, 1775, with the battles of Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts, although the colonies did not officially approve and issue a Declaration of Independence until July 4, 1776. . . .
American Veterans of Foreign Service: In 1899, some veterans from the Spanish-American War and the Philippine Insurrection met in Columbus, Ohio, and formed the American Veterans of Foreign Service. . . .
Army of the Potomac: During the American Civil War, the Army of the Potomac was the North's primary army operating in the East. Organized in July 1861, this force confronted the Confederacy's Army of Northern Virginia throughout the conflict. . . .
Battelle Memorial Institute: Battelle Memorial Institute was founded in 1923 with an endowment from the estate of Gordon Battelle. Located in Columbus, Ohio, the institute's mission is to develop practical applications for scientific research. . . .
Battle of Fallen Timbers: The Battle of Fallen Timbers was an important victory for the United States Army against natives in the Northwest Territory. . . .
Battle of Lake Erie: The Battle of Lake Erie was a pivotal naval engagement between British and American forces during the War of 1812. . . .
Battle of Peckuwe: The Battle of Peckuwe was the largest battle of the American Revolution to occur west of the Allegheny Mountains. . . .
Battle of Point Pleasant: The Battle of Point Pleasant, fought on October 10, 1774, was the decisive battle of Lord Dunmore's War. . . .
Battle of the Thames: The Battle of the Thames was a pivotal American victory during the War of 1812. . . .
Battle of Tippecanoe: In 1811, the Battle of Tippecanoe was a significant defeat for Tecumseh's Native-American Confederation. . . .
Beallsville, Ohio: Beallsville was founded during the 1800s. It was a stop on the Bellaire Zanesville and Cincinnati Railroad. . . .
Benton, Lyman: Lyman Benton was a politician and abolitionist in Geauga County, Ohio. . . .
Bierce, Ambrose G.: An important American author, Ambrose Bierce was born on June 24, 1842, in Meigs County, Ohio. . . .
Bleeding Kansas: Bleeding Kansas was a mini civil war between pro- and anti-slavery forces that occurred in Kansas from 1856 to 1865. . . .
Blennerhassett, Harman: Harman Blennerhassett was involved in Aaron Burr's conspiracy against the United States of America in the early 1800s. . . .
Bombing of Cambodia: In March 1969, President Richard Nixon authorized secret bombing raids in Cambodia, a move that escalated opposition to the Vietnam War in Ohio and across the United States. . . .
Boone, Daniel: Daniel Boone was a man of the frontier in early America. As the frontier moved, he moved with it and became one of the most well-known men of his time. . . .
Bouquet's Expedition: In 1764, Colonel Henry Bouquet led an expedition into the Ohio country to put down an Indian uprising that later came to be called Pontiac's Rebellion. . . .
Bouquet, Henry: Colonel Henry Bouquet was a prominent British military commander in the Ohio Country during the French and Indian War (1754-1763) and Pontiac's Rebellion (1763). . . .
Bowles, John R.: John R. Bowles was chaplain of the 55th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War and, perhaps, was the first African-American public school teacher in Ohio. . . .
Braddock, Edward: Edward Braddock was born near Perth, Scotland in 1695. He joined the British army at the age of fifteen. He rose through the ranks and had become a major general by 1754. . . .
Bradstreet, John: John Bradstreet was an English military commander in America during the French and Indian War and Pontiac's Rebellion. . . .
Bricker Amendment: Although never adopted, the Bricker Amendment would have reduced the president's ability to negotiate agreements with foreign powers without congressional approval. . . .
Buell, Don C.: Don Carlos Buell was a Union military leader from Ohio during the American Civil War. . . .
Bushnell, Asa: Asa Smith Bushnell was the fortieth governor of Ohio. He was born in Rome, New York, in 1834. . . .
Butler, Richard: Richard Butler was a frontiersman and military leader in the years before, during and after the American Revolution. . . .
Camp Hamer: Located in West Union, Ohio, Camp Hamer was a recruitment and training center for soldiers during the American Civil War. . . .
Campbell, Alexander: Alexander Campbell was a physician, political leader and elected official in the early years of Ohio statehood. . . .
Campbell, Mary: During the French and Indian War (1756-1763) the Delaware Indians captured Mary Campbell. . . .
Campus Martius: Campus Martius was the name the settlers of Marietta gave to the fortifications they built to protect their new settlement. . . .
Canadian Ohioans: Numerous Ohioans are descended from both French and English Canadian ancestors. Today, Canadian Ohioans continue to enhance Ohio's cultural and social landscape. . . .
Carruthers, George N.: Ohioan George North Carruthers was a missionary during the American Civil War. He helped African Americans in the South to gain their freedom from slavery and to begin their lives as free people. . . .
Cass, Lewis: Lewis Cass was a prominent political leader in the early nineteenth century. . . .
Catahecassa: Black Hoof was a chief of the Shawnee Indians. Little is known about his early years. Some historians believe he was born in 1717, but this seems unlikely considering that he lived until 1831. . . .
Celeron de Bienville's Expedition: In 1748, Comte de la Galissoniere, the highest-ranking French official in North America, ordered Celeron de Bienville (also spelled Celeron de Blainville) to take 250 French soldiers to the Ohio Country to renew old friendships with local Native Americans and to drive the English traders from the region. . . .
Chippewa Indians: The Chippewa Indians, also known as the Ojibwa, lived mainly in Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, and Ontario, Canada. . . .
Christy, Howard C.: Howard Chandler Christy was a prominent American artist in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. . . .
Cincinnati Milling Machine Company: The Cincinnati Milling Machine Company eventually became Milacron Inc., and it was the largest machine company in the world by the 1930s. . . .
Civil War Artillery Units: During the American Civil War, the State of Ohio provided the United States government with three types of military units: artillery units, cavalry units, and infantry units. . . .
Clark, George R.: George Rogers Clark was born near Charlottesville, Virginia, on November 19, 1752. He received little formal schooling, but in his late teens, Clark's grandfather taught him how to survey the land. In 1772, Clark put his training to use. . . .
Clay, Henry: Henry Clay was an important political leader and public servant in nineteenth century America. . . .
Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland was the first settlement founded in the Connecticut Western Reserve by the Connecticut Land Company. It was named after General Moses Cleaveland, an investor in the company who led the survey of its land within the Western Reserve. . . .
Cold War: As World War II was ending, the Cold War began. This was to be a long lasting and continuing confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States, lasting from 1945 to 1989. . . .
Crawford, William: William Crawford was born in Virginia in 1732. He was a farmer and a surveyor for most of his life, although he is more commonly known for his military experiences. . . .
Cresap, Michael: Michael Cresap was a frontiersman born in Maryland on April 17, 1742. He spent part of his adult years in the Ohio Country as a trader and land developer. . . .
Croghan, George: George Croghan was a prominent military leader during the early nineteenth century. . . .
Crook, George: George Crook was an American military leader whose career spanned the era from the American Civil War to the closing of the Western frontier. . . .
Custer, George A.: George Armstrong Custer was an American military leader who became known as a cavalry commander for the North during the American Civil War and in the opening of the West in the years after this conflict. . . .
Dayton Peace Accords: The Dayton Peace Accords, negotiated at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio in 1995, paved the way toward ending years of ethnic warfare in Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Croatia. . . .
de Bienville, Celeron: Celeron de Bienville was a French military leader and explorer of Ohio in the mid 1700's. His 1749 expedition to the Ohio Country is one of the more memorable of the era. . . .
Defiance, Ohio: Defiance is the county seat of Defiance County. . . .
Delaware Indians: The Delaware Indians, also called the Lenape, originally lived along the Delaware River in New Jersey. They speak a form of the Algonquian language and are thus related to the Miami Indians, Ottawa Indians, and Shawnee Indians. . . .
Dinwiddie, Robert: Robert Dinwiddie was the royal lieutenant governor of Virginia from 1751 to 1758. He was born in Scotland in 1693. . . .
Dudley's Defeat: Dudley's Defeat was an important battle during the War of 1812. The battle took place during the first siege of Fort Meigs. . . .
Dudley, William: William Dudley was an important American military commander during the War of 1812. . . .
Dunmore, John M.: John Murray, Lord Dunmore was a royal governor of Virginia in the years before the American Revolution. He was born in Scotland in 1732. He came from a noble family and was descended from royalty. In 1761, at the young age of twenty-nine years, . . .
Dupree, William H.: Ohioan William H. Dupree served in the 55th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War and, following this conflict, became actively involved in securing equal rights for blacks with whites. . . .
English Ohioans: Numerous Ohioans are descended from English ancestors. Today, English Ohioans continue to enhance Ohio's cultural and social landscape. . . .
Enrollment Act: In 1863, the United States government implemented the Conscription Act, which was also known as the Enrollment Act. . . .
Findlay, James: James Findlay was an early Ohio military and political leader . . .
Flemming, Arthur S.: Arthur S. Flemming was Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare during the administration of President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He was a 1927 graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Ohio. . . .
Fort Defiance: In August 1794, Anthony Wayne ordered the construction of Fort Defiance at the confluence of the Auglaize and Maumee Rivers. Wayne had the fort built during his campaign against Ohio Native Americans to provide his men with protection and as a staging ground for future operations. . . .
Fort Detroit: French explorer and soldier Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac originally built Fort Detroit in 1701, naming it Fort Pontchartrain. The French hoped to use the fort to build alliances with the Indians living in the Ohio valley in order to protect their interests in the region from British encroachment. . . .
Fort Duquesne: Fort Duquesne was a French fort in western Pennsylvania in the French and Indian War (1756-1763). . . .
Fort Greene Ville: In late 1793, American General Anthony Wayne ordered the construction of Fort Greene Ville, named for his friend and comrade in the American Revolution Nathaniel Greene. Wayne's army was marching against Native Americans along the Maumee River. . . .
Fort Hamilton: Arthur St. Clair, a general in the United States Army, ordered the construction of Fort Hamilton in September 1791. The fort was the first of many built north from Cincinnati in Native American territory. . . .
Fort Harmar: The United States Army built Fort Harmar after the American Revolution. In 1784, the Congress created by the Articles of Confederation dispatched Colonel Josiah Harmar to the Ohio frontier to discourage illegal settlers or "squatters" from moving into Ohio. . . .
Fort Jefferson: In October 1791, General Arthur St. Clair ordered the construction of a fort roughly six miles south of modern-day Greenville, Ohio. He intended to use the site as a supply depot for his campaign against the Miami Indians. . . .
Fort Loramie: In 1794, General Anthony Wayne ordered the construction of Fort Loramie. It was located at the portage between St. Mary's River and modern-day Loramie's Creek. . . .
Fort Meigs: Fort Meigs, built during the War of 1812, was a strategic fortification along the banks of the Maumee River in present day Perrysburg, Ohio. . . .
Fort Miamis: British soldiers constructed Fort Miamis in 1794. British authorities feared that Anthony Wayne and his army planned to march against Fort Detroit, a major stronghold. . . .
Fort Necessity: Fort Necessity was a small stockade in western Pennsylvania built by Virginia Militia led by George Washington in 1754. . . .
Fort Recovery: In December 1793, General Anthony Wayne ordered one United States artillery unit and eight infantry companies to the site of St. Clair's Defeat. The soldiers were to construct a fort on the former battlefield. Wayne intended to use this fort as a staging area for his assault against Ohio natives in the spring of 1794. He named the stockade Fort Recovery. . . .
Fort Sandusky: Fort Sandusky was a fort built and used by British troops in the Ohio Country during Pontiac's Rebellion and the French and Indian War. . . .
Fort Stephenson: Not long after the War of 1812 began, George Croghan became commander of Fort Stephenson. Located on the Sandusky River, the fort was important to Ohio's defense against the British. . . .
Fort Steuben: In 1786, the United States government built Fort Steuben within the area known as the Seven Ranges in what is now southeastern Ohio. The federal government had arranged for a survey of this area in order to prepare for the settlement of the Northwest Territory. . . .
Fort Washington: In 1789, Fort Washington was built to protect early settlements located in the Symmes Purchase in the Miami Valley of what is now southwestern Ohio. The fort was located in modern-day Cincinnati and protected settlers of that city in its early years. . . .
French and Indian War: The French and Indian War (1754 -1763) was one in a series of wars fought between England and France beginning in the late 1600s. . . .
French Era: During the French Era (c.1700-1763), the power of the Iroquois Indians declined and other tribes began to move into the Ohio Country. French traders began to build trading posts in the region and dominated the fur trade with the Native Americans. . . .
G.I. Bill of Rights: On June 22, 1944, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed the Servicemen's Readjustment Act. This legislation is better known as the G.I. Bill of Rights. T . . .
Gentile, Dominic S.: Ohioan Dominic (Don) Salvatore Gentile shot down more enemy planes in World War II than any other pilot from Ohio. . . .
Gillmore, Quincy: Quincy Gillmore was a Civil War military leader from Ohio. He was born on February 28, 1825, at Black River, Ohio. His father was a staunch supporter of President John Quincy Adams, and named his son Quincy Adams Gillmore. . . .
Girty, Simon: Simon Girty was a notable frontiersman in the Ohio Country in the years before, during, and following the American Revolution. . . .
Gist, Christopher: Christopher Gist was an explorer, surveyor and accomplished frontiersman. He was born about 1706 in Maryland to Richard and Zipporah Gist. Little is known of Gist's early years. . . .
Grant, Ulysses S.: Ulysses Simpson Grant was an American military leader and the eighteenth President of the United States. He was born Hiram Ulysses Grant on April 27, 1822, in Point Pleasant, Ohio. . . .
Greenville, Ohio: Greenville is the county seat of Darke County. . . .
Gulf of Tonkin Incident: The Gulf of Tonkin Incident, in 1964, was a major turning point in United States military involvement in Vietnam. . . .
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution: The Gulf of Tonkin Incident occurred in August 1964. . . .
Gulf War: The Gulf War was a short military conflict between Iraqi and United Nations forces during the first two months of 1991. . . .
Hall, Ernest C.: Ernest C. Hall was an important aviation figure during the 1910s, 1920s, and 1930s. . . .
Hamilton County: Hamilton County, Ohio, was established on January 2, 1790.. It was the second county formed in the Northwest Territory. Residents named the county in honor of Alexander Hamilton, who was the first Secretary of the Treasury of the United States and a founder of the Federalist Party. . . .
Hanks, Jarvis F.: Jarvis Frary Hanks was a prominent Ohio artist during the 1820s, 1830s, and 1840s. . . .
Hardin, John: John Hardin was a soldier in the American Revolution and in the early years of the new nation. He was born in Fauquier County, Virginia, in 1753. . . .
Harmar's Defeat: In 1790, Josiah Harmar, commander of the American army in the Northwest Territory, was stationed at Fort Washington (present-day Cincinnati). . . .
Harmar, Josiah: Josiah Harmar was born on November 10, 1753, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Although he attended a Quaker school, he did not share the religious beliefs of the Society of Friends. . . .
Harrison's Road: During the War of 1812, General William Henry Harrison ordered the construction of a road connecting his troops with supply bases located in central, southern, and eastern Ohio. Harrison's Road passed through Defiance and Piqua. . . .
Harrison, William H.: William Henry Harrison was an American political and military leader and the ninth President of the United States. . . .
Hay, John M.: Ohioan John Milton Hay was a prominent politician and author during the late nineteenth century. . . .
Hazen, William B.: William Hazen a military leader in the Army of the United States in the American Civil War and after. He was born on September 27, 1830, at West Hartford, Vermont. . . .
Hokolesqua: Cornstalk was a leader of the Shawnee Indians. He was born about 1720. His Indian name was variously pronounced as Hokolesqua, Colesqua and Keigh-tugh-qua and was freely translated to mean "blade of corn". . . .
Hubbard, William: William Hubbard was an abolitionist and operator of a stop on the Underground Railroad in the years before the American Civil War. He was born in 1787. . . .
Hull's Road: During the War of 1812, General William Hull ordered the construction of a road connecting his troops at Detroit with supply bases located in Ohio. Hull's Road began in Dayton and passed through Urbana on to Detroit. . . .
Hull, William: William Hull was a military and political leader in the Midwest in the years after the American Revolution. He was born in 1753 in Massachusetts. . . .
Huntington, Samuel: Samuel Huntington was Ohio's third governor, serving from 1808 to 1810. . . .
Hutchins, Thomas: Thomas Hutchins was an American surveyor, mapmaker and the first "geographer of the United States." . . .
Iroquois Indians: The Iroquois Indians originally lived along the Genesee River, the Mohawk River, and in the Finger Lakes region south of Lake Ontario in New York State. Around 1600, five tribes, the Mohawks, the Oneidas, the Onondagas, the Cayugas, and the Senecas, banded together to form a confederacy. . . .
Isolationists: Isolationists are Americans who are opposed to United States involvement in foreign affairs. People with these sentiments have existed since the founding of the nation. . . .
Jackson, Andrew: Andrew Jackson was an American military and political leader and the seventh President of the United States. He was born on March 15, 1767, at Waxhaw, South Carolina. . . .
Jemison, Mary: Mary Jemison was a British woman that was taken captive by the French and the Shawnee during the French and Indian War. She spent the remainder of her life living as an Indian. . . .
John P. Parker House: The John P. Parker House was an important stop on the Underground Railroad. It is located in Ripley, Ohio, and the home currently is a museum owned by the John P. Parker Historical Society. . . .
Johnson, Richard M.: Richard Mentor Johnson was a military and political figure in the American Midwest in the early years of the new nation. He was born in Kentucky on October 17, 1781. . . .
Johnston, John: John Johnston (also spelled Johnson) was an Indian Agent in Ohio in the early years of the new state. He was born in 1775 in Ireland. While he was a young child, his family moved to Pennsylvania. . . .
Kansas-Nebraska Act: The Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed in 1854 by the United States Congress to deal with the opening of the central Midwest to continuing American settlement. . . .
Kaskaskia Indians: The Kaskaskia Indians lived mainly in Illinois and eastern Missouri when Europeans began to settle in North America. They were closely related to the Miami Indians. . . .
Keifer, Joseph W.: Joseph Warren Keifer was a prominent nineteenth century Ohio political and military leader. . . .
Kennedy, John F.: John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the thirty-fifth President of the United States. He was born on May 29, 1917, in Brookline, Massachusetts. . . .
Kent State Shootings: In May 1970, students protesting the bombing of Cambodia by United States military forces, clashed with Ohio National Guardsmen on the Kent State University campus. . . .
Kenton, Simon: Simon Kenton was a legendary frontiersman in Ohio and the Midwest. . . .
King George's War: From 1744 until 1748, England and France were engaged in King George's War. This was the American phase of the larger War of the Austrian Succession from 1740 to 1748. . . .
King, Ernest J.: Ernest Joseph King was born on November 23, 1878, in Lorain, Ohio. He attended local schools and, as a youth, dreamed of attending the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. King received his wish in 1897. . . .
Klem, Johnny: Johnny Clem was a soldier in the service of the United States for most of his life. He was born on August 13, 1851, in Newark, Ohio. His actual name was John Joseph Klem. . . .
Konieschquanoheel: Captain Pipe was an hereditary chief of the Munsee-Delaware Indians during and after the American Revolution. . . .
Korean War: The Korean War was one of several military conflicts that occurred during the Cold War, as the United States and its allies attempted to stop the spread of communism. . . .
La Demoiselle: La Demoiselle, also called "Old Briton" by the British, was a leader of the Miami Indians at Pickawillany during the mid-1700s. . . .
Lake Erie: Lake Erie is one of the Great Lakes and currently serves as part of Ohio's northern boundary. During the 1700s and 1800s, Lake Erie provided a quick means of transportation for men engaged in the fur trade as well as settlers hoping to improve their fortunes in the Ohio Country. . . .
Lansdowne, Zachary: Ohioan Zachary Lansdowne was the commander of the USS Shenandoah. . . .
Lawrence County Museum: The Lawrence County Historical Society operates the Lawrence County Museum in Ironton, Ohio. . . .
Logan: The American Indian leader who came to be called Logan was born in Pennsylvania circa 1725. His father was a Cayuga Indian named Shikellamy. . . .
Logan's Lament: Logan was a leader of the Mingo Indians. He was a war leader but often urged his fellow natives not to attack whites settling in the Ohio Country. His attitude changed on May 3, 1774, when a group of Virginia settlers murdered approximately one dozen Mingos. . . .
Logan, Benjamin: Benjamin Logan was a military and political leader in the Ohio Country during the American Revolution and in the early years of the new nation. . . .
Loramie's Store: In 1769, Pierre Loramie came to the Ohio Country as one of its earliest European settlers. Formally a citizen of France who lived in Canada, Loramie became an English citizen with the Treaty of Paris (1763). The English defeated the French in the French and Indian War. . . .
Lord Dunmore's War: Lord Dunmore's War was a confrontation between colonial Virginia and the Native Americans of the Ohio Country in 1774, and it was also a prelude to the American Revolution, which began the following year. . . .
Lower Sandusky: Lower Sandusky, now known as Fremont, is a community in Sandusky County, Ohio. It had its beginnings as a village of the Iroquois-speaking Wyandot Indians. . . .
Lucas, Robert: Robert Lucas was born in Shepherdstown, Virginia (modern-day West Virginia), on April 1, 1781. Not much is known about Lucas's early life, other than the fact that he received some training as a surveyor. . . .
Madison, James: James Madison was the fourth President of the United States. . . .
Manifest Destiny: In 1845, John L. O'Sullivan, a newspaper reporter in New York City, coined the phrase "manifest destiny." O'Sullivan claimed that it was the God-given destiny of the United States of America to spread over North America. . . .
Massie, Nathaniel: Nathaniel Massie was a surveyor and land developer who helped to organize the Virginia Military District in Ohio in the years after the American Revolution. . . .
McArthur, Duncan: Duncan McArthur, Ohio's eleventh governor, was born in New York on January 14, 1772. . . .
McClellan, George B.: George B. McClellan was a prominent nineteenth century American military and political leader. . . .
McCook, Alexander: Alexander McCook was born on April 22, 1831, in Columbiana County, Ohio. The next year, he moved with his parents to Carroll County. In 1848, McCook received an appointment to West Point, graduating in 1842. McCook would spend the rest of his life in the United States Army. . . .
McDowell, Irvin: Irvin McDowell was a nineteenth century American military leader. . . .
McKinley Jr., William: Ohioan William McKinley, Jr., was President of the United States of America from 1897 to 1901. . . .
Me-sa-sa: Turkey Foot or Me-sa-sa was a chief of the Ottawa Indians. . . .
Mexican War: The Mexican War was a major conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848. . . .
Miami Indians: The Miami Indians originally lived in Indiana, Illinois, and southern Michigan at the time of European arrival. The Miamis moved into the Maumee Valley around 1700, and they soon became one of the most powerful Indian tribes in Ohio. . . .
Michikinikwa: Little Turtle was a war chief of the Miami Indians. He was born circa 1752 twenty miles northwest of modern-day Fort Wayne, Indiana. His Native American name was Michikinikwa. . . .
Milacron Incorporated: The Cincinnati Milling Machine Company eventually became Milacron Inc., and it was the largest machine company in the world by the 1930s. . . .
Mingo Indians: The Mingo Indians were a small group of Native Americans related to the Iroquois Indians. They are sometimes called the Ohio Seneca Indians. By 1750, the Mingos had left the Iroquois homeland in the state of New York and migrated to the Ohio Country. . . .
Mitchel, Ormsby M.: Ormsby McKnight Mitchel was an attorney, educator, astronomer and Union army military leader in the American Civil War. . . .
Motts Military Museum: In 1987, Warren E. Motts established Motts Military Museum in Groveport, Ohio. Originally housed in Motts's home the museum moved to a much larger building in Groveport in 1999. . . .
Neolin: During the early 1760s, Neolin, a spiritual leader of the Delaware Indians, gained favor among many native societies in the Ohio Country. Dismayed by the Indians' reliance on English and French manufactured goods, Neolin called for the natives to adopt more traditional Indian practices. . . .
Northwest Territory: On July 13, 1787, the Confederation Congress passed the Northwest Ordinance. The act created the Northwest Territory. It also established a form of government and specified how the various parts of the Northwest Territory could become states. . . .
Ohio: Ohio is the seventeenth state within the United States of America. . . .
Ohio Citizen Corps: Following the terrorist attacks against the United States of America on September 11, 2001, President George W. Bush established the USA Freedom Corps. The Ohio Citizen Corps is a subsidiary of this organization. . . .
Ohio Company: In 1748, several wealthy Virginians, including George Washington, established the Ohio Company. The investors hoped to secure lands west of the Appalachian Mountains from the English government. . . .
Ohio Company of Associates: In 1786, a group of men in Massachusetts, including General Rufus Putnam and Brigadier General Benjamin Tupper, founded the Ohio Company of Associates, a real estate company. . . .
Ohio Country: The Ohio Country was the name given to the territory roughly west of the Appalachian Mountains and north of the Ohio River prior to the American Revolution. . . .
Ohio Defense Corps: The Ohio Defense Corps had its roots in the Ohio Militia, which was formed in 1803. . . .
Ohio Indian Wars: The Ohio Indian Wars were a series of struggles between white settlers from the newly independent United States and Native American residents of the Ohio Country in the years after the American Revolution. . . .
Ohio Naval Militia: The Ohio Naval Militia had its roots in the Ohio Militia, which was formed in 1803. . . .
Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Home: In 1886, the Ohio General Assembly authorized the creation of the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Home at Sandusky, Ohio. The home was created to provide for Ohio's indigent honorably discharged veterans of the American Civil War. . . .
Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home: In 1869, the Grand Army of the Republic, a veterans' organization of Union soldiers who fought in the American Civil War, established the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home in Xenia, Ohio. . . .
Ohio Un-American Activities Committee: In 1951, the Ohio General Assembly implemented the Ohio Un-American Activities Committee, a joint committee of state representatives and senators charged with determining communism's influence in Ohio. . . .
Ohio University Die-in: On April 6, 2005, approximately twenty people, including students, held a "die-in" at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. This event was to protest the presence of United States soldiers in Iraq. . . .
Ohio Veterans Home: In 1886, the Ohio General Assembly authorized the creation of the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, the predecessor of the Ohio Veterans Home, at Sandusky, Ohio. . . .
Ohio Veterans' Children's Home: In 1869, the Grand Army of the Republic, a veterans' organization of Union soldiers who fought in the American Civil War, established the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home in Xenia, Ohio. This institution was the predecessor of the Ohio Veterans' Children's Home. . . .
Ohio Veterans' Children's Home: In 1869, the Grand Army of the Republic, a veterans' organization of Union soldiers who fought in the American Civil War, established the Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home in Xenia, Ohio. This institution was the predecessor of the Ohio Veterans' Children's Home. . . .
Ohio Volunteer Infantry: By the 1820s and 1830s, the militias of most states were in decline. The U.S. Army increasingly relied upon volunteers or draftees to create a sufficient fighting force to serve with the soldiers in the regular army. . . .
Ojibwa Indians: The Ojibwa Indians, also known as the Chippewa Indians, lived mainly in Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, and Ontario, Canada at the time of European contact. They were part of the Algonquian Indians. . . .
Operation Enduring Freedom: In October 2001, the United States of America and Great Britain invaded the country of Afghanistan. The invasion was in response to the terrorist attacks launched against the United States on September 11, 2001. . . .
Ottawa Indians: The Ottawa Indians originally lived along the Ottawa River in eastern Ontario and western Quebec at the time of European arrival in the early 1600s. They moved into northern Ohio around 1740. . . .
Pacifists: Pacifists are people who are opposed to war for moral or religious reasons. . . .
Parachute with Ripcord: James Floyd Smith invented the first parachute to use a ripcord. His invention was the predecessor of the modern parachute. . . .
Parmalee, Phillip: Phillip Parmalee was an important pilot during the first two decades of the twentieth century. . . .
Patterson, Robert: Robert Patterson was a soldier and early settler in Ohio after the American Revolution. . . .
Perkins, Simon: Simon Perkins was an early settler of the Western Reserve of Connecticut in what would become northeast Ohio. Over a long and active life he would become involved in many of the most important economic and political events of his time. . . .
Perry, Oliver H.: Oliver Hazard Perry commanded the victorious American naval forces in the Battle of Lake Erie, during the War of 1812. . . .
Pickaway Plains: The Pickaway Plains are located south of Circleville in central Ohio. They are a series of rolling hills that once were covered with prairie. Sand and rock deposits left behind as glaciers retreated created these hills. . . .
Pickawillany: The Miami Indians settled the town of Pickawillany in 1747. The village was located on the Great Miami River in western Ohio, near modern-day City of Piqua, Ohio. . . .
Polk, James: James Polk was the 11th President of the United States. . . .
Pontiac: Pontiac was born circa 1720. His father was an Ottawa Indian, and his mother was a Chippewa. His family raised Pontiac as an Ottawa, although he had numerous friends among his mother's people. . . .
Pontiac's Rebellion: Pontiac's Rebellion was an Indian uprising that occurred immediately following the French and Indian War. . . .
Portsmouth Cement & Lime: Portsmouth Foundry and Machine Works was an important business in western Portsmouth, Ohio during the nineteenth century. . . .
Portsmouth Foundry and Machine Works: Portsmouth Foundry and Machine Works was an important business in western Portsmouth, Ohio during the nineteenth century. . . .
Potawatomi Indians: The Potawatomi Indians lived mainly in Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, and Ontario, Canada at the time of European contact in the early 1600s. They were part of the Algonquian Indians. . . .
Proclamation of 1763: The Proclamation of 1763 forbade English colonists to live west of the Appalachian Mountains. . . .
Procter, Henry: Henry Procter was a British military leader in and around the Great Lakes during the War of 1812. . . .
Putnam Greys: The Putnam Greys was a volunteer military unit in Putnam, Ohio during the 1830s, 1840s, and 1850s. . . .
Putnam, Israel: Israel Putnam was a political and military leader during and after the American Revolution. . . .
Rankin House: The Rankin House was an important stop on the Underground Railroad. It is located in Ripley, Ohio, and the home currently is a museum owned by the Ohio Historical Society. . . .
Roosevelt, Theodore: Theodore Roosevelt was born on October 27, 1858, in New York City. In 1880, he graduated from Harvard University and immediately embarked upon a political career, winning election to the New York Assembly as a member of the Republican Party in 1881. . . .
Rudolph, Lucretia: Lucretia Rudolph married James A. Garfield in 1858 and became First Lady of the United States in 1881. . . .
Sargent, Winthrop: Winthrop Sargent was the first Secretary of the Northwest Territory. . . .
Second Gulf War: On March 20, 2003, a coalition of countries, principally the United States and Great Britain, invaded Iraq, contending that the Iraqi government, headed by Saddam Hussein, had developed or was in the process of developing chemical weapons and weapons of mass destruction. . . .
Second Red Scare: As World War II was ending, a fear-driven movement known as the Second Red Scare began to spread across the United States. Americans feared that the Soviet Union hoped to spread communism all over the world, overthrowing both democratic and capitalist institutions as it went. . . .
September 11, 2001: On September 11, 2001, members of Al-Qaeda, a terrorist group, launched attacks in New York City, New York, and in Washington, DC. Several terrorists took control of four passenger airplanes. . . .
Servicemen's Readjustment Act: On June 22, 1944, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed into law the Servicemen's Readjustment Act. This legislation is better known as the G.I. Bill of Rights. The Servicemen's Readjustment Act provided government assistance to World War II veterans as they returned home upon the termination of their military service. . . .
Shawnee Indians: The Shawnee Indians were living in the Ohio Valley as early as the late 1600s. The Iroquois Indians were unwilling to share these rich hunting grounds and drove the Shawnees away. . . .
Siege of Fort Recovery: In 1792, President George Washington appointed Anthony Wayne as the commander of the United States Army of the Northwest, currently serving in the Northwest Territory. The major purpose of this army was to defend American settlers from Indian attack. . . .
Sieges of Fort Meigs: General William Henry Harrison ordered his men to build Fort Meigs on the southern bank of the Maumee River in February 1813. This fort was to serve as a supply depot and a staging area for the invasion of Canada during the War of 1812. . . .
Smith, James: James Smith was a frontiersman and early settler of the Ohio River Valley in the years after the American Revolution. . . .
Smith, James F.: James Floyd Smith invented the first parachute to use a ripcord. His invention was the predecessor of the modern parachute. . . .
Spafford, Amos: Amos Spafford helped survey the Connecticut Western Reserve in the late 1790s. He also was one of the first settlers of Cleveland, Ohio. . . .
Spanish-American War: In 1898, the United States declared war on Spain. Throughout the 1890s, many Americans objected to Spain's treatment of the people of Cuba, a colony of Spain. . . .
Squatters: Squatters were people who illegally moved onto unoccupied land along the frontier and claimed that land as their own. . . .
St. Clair's Defeat: St. Clair's Defeat was a major confrontation between the armed forces of the United States and the Native Americans of the Northwest Territory. It was the worst defeat of the United States Army at the hands of Native Americans. . . .
St. Clair, Arthur: Arthur St. Clair was a political and military leader in the Ohio country in the years of the American Revolution and the new nation. He was the first governor of the Northwest Territory. . . .
Stevens, A. L.: A. Leo Stevens was an important balloonist and parachutist in the early twentieth century. . . .
Swayne, Wager: Wager Swayne was a military leader from Ohio during the American Civil War. . . .
Tarhe: Tarhe was born near present-day Detroit, Michigan, in 1742. He was a Wyandot Indian and eventually became one of the leaders of his people. Tarhe was also known by the nickname "The Crane." Some accounts state that this name is in reference to his tall, slender build. . . .
Taylor, Zachary: Zachary Taylor was born on November 24, 1784, in Orange County, Virginia. The following year, Taylor’s family moved to Kentucky. . . .
Tecumseh: Tecumseh was born in 1768, probably at Old Piqua, along the Mad River in Ohio. He was a Shawnee Indian and eventually became one of their greatest leaders. their greatest chiefs. . . .
Tecumseh's Confederation: During the early 1800s, Tecumseh, a leader of the Shawnee Indians, attempted to unite Native American tribes west of the Appalachian Mountains into a confederation. . . .
Tenskwatawa: Tenskwatawa (also known as The Prophet ), a member of the Shawnee Indians, was born in 1775. . . .
The Bug: Ohioans Charles F. Kettering, Orville Wright, William Chryst, Thomas Midgley, and John Sheats developed "The Bug," a pilot-less airplane and bomb, during World War I. . . .
Tibbets Jr., Paul W.: Paul Warfield Tibbets, Jr., was born on February 23, 1915, in Quincy, Illinois. He spent much of his youth in Florida, where he had his first experience flying at twelve years of age. As a teenager, he attended the Western Military Academy and then enrolled in the University of Florida, followed by the University of Cincinnati, where he pursued a medical degree. . . .
Timken Company: The Timken Company is an important employer in Canton, Ohio. . . .
Timken Roller Bearing and Axle Company: The Timken Company is an important employer in Canton, Ohio. . . .
Timken Roller Bearing Company: The Timken Company is an important employer in Canton, Ohio. . . .
Toledo War: The Toledo War was a border dispute between the State of Ohio and the Michigan Territory during the first several decades of the nineteenth century. . . .
Treaty of Ghent (1814): The United States and Great Britain signed the Treaty of Ghent on December 24, 1814, officially ending the War of 1812. England agreed to remove all soldiers from United States territory. This included soldiers in the American Northwest. England had kept soldiers on this land since the American Revolution in violation of the Treaty of Paris (1783). . . .
Treaty of Paris (1763): The Treaty of Paris ended the French and Indian War. For seven years England and their colonists had battled against the French and their Native American allies. The war had originated in North America, but it quickly encompassed Europe, Africa, and India as well. . . .
Treaty of Paris (1763) (Transcript): Transcript of the Treaty of Paris of 1763 . . .
Treaty of Paris (1898): The Treaty of Paris (1898) formally ended the Spanish-American War. In 1898, the United States declared war on Spain. Throughout the 1890s, many Americans objected to Spain's treatment of the people of Cuba, a colony of Spain. . . .
Trimble, Allen: Allen Trimble served as governor of Ohio during the first portion of the nineteenth century. . . .
Trotter, James M.: James Monroe Trotter served in the 55th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War and, following this conflict, became the first African American to find employment in the Boston, Massachusetts division of the United States Post Office. . . .
Tupper, Benjamin: Benjamin Tupper was a prominent early settler of the Northwest Territory. . . .
United States Colored Troops: On May 22, 1863, the United States government authorized the formation of the United States Colored Troops (USCT). As the American Civil War continued, the government sought African-American soldiers to assist in the war effort. . . .
United States' Invasion of Afghanistan: In October 2001, the United States of America and Great Britain invaded the country of Afghanistan. The invasion was in response to the terrorist attacks launched against the United States on September 11, 2001. . . .
USS Maine: In 1898, the United States declared war on Spain. The principal reason for war involved the sinking of the United States battleship Maine. . . .
Vallandigham, Clement: Clement Vallandigham was a leader of the Ohio Democratic Party and an opponent of the American Civil War. . . .
Vance, Joseph: Joseph Vance was Ohio's thirteenth governor. . . .
Veterans of Foreign Wars: In 1899, some veterans from the Spanish-American War and the Philippine Insurrection met in Columbus, Ohio, and formed the American Veterans of Foreign Service. This organization united several other veteran groups to create the Veterans of Foreign Wars in 1913. . . .
Vietnam War: Although the United States of America's military involvement in Vietnam escalated dramatically beginning in 1964, it actually began in the late 1950s and continued until 1973. . . .
Vietnam War Protestors: Thousands of Americans opposed United States involvement in the Vietnam War. Some of these people actively participated in protests. . . .
Voice of China: The Voice of China was a pro-China newsletter published in Cleveland, Ohio, during the late 1930s. . . .
Wadsworth, Elijah: Elijah Wadsworth was an American general during the War of 1812. . . .
War of 1812: The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and Great Britain from 1812 until 1815. . . .
Washington, George: George Washington was the first president of the United States. He was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, on February 22, 1732. . . .
Wayne, Anthony: Anthony Wayne was an important American military leader during and after the American Revolution. . . .
Wells, William: William Wells was one of the best known frontiersmen in the Ohio Country in the years after the American Revolution. . . .
West Liberty, Ohio: West Liberty is a small community in Logan County, Ohio. . . .
Weyapiersenwah: Blue Jacket was a leader of the Shawnee Indians. The date of his birth is unknown, but it was probably in the early 1740s. His Native American name was Weyapiersenwah (also spelled Wehyehpiherhsehnwah). Historians know very little of his early years. . . .
Williams, George W.: George Washington Williams was the first African American elected to the Ohio General Assembly. . . .
Winder, C. B.: C.B. Winder was the first man to become a pilot for any National Guard unit in the United States of America. . . .
Women's Relief Corps Home for Army Nurses: In 1892, the Women's Relief Corps established the Women's Relief Corps Home for Army Nurses in Madison, Ohio. . . .
Wright Field: Wright Field, later renamed Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, was an early Army Air Corps facility that near Dayton, Ohio that opened in 1927. . . .
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base: Wright-Patterson Air Force Base is a major United States Air Force facility located near Dayton, Ohio, in Greene and Montgomery counties. . . .
Wyandot Indians: The Wyandot Indians originally lived in southern Ontario. They were also called Hurons. But they called themselves "wendat" which in time became "Wyandot" or "Wyandotte." . . .
Young, Rodger W.: Ohioan, Rodger Wilton Young posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II. . . .
Young, Thomas L.: Thomas Lowry Young served as Ohio's Governor for slightly less than one year, beginning in 1877, when he succeeded Rutherford B. Hayes, who resigned to become President of the United States. . . .
Zanesville Guards: At the start of the American Civil War, both the North and the South had to rely on individual states to supply the armed forces with men and supplies. In the case of Ohio, Governor William Dennison turned to the Ohio militia to provide the federal government with necessary troops. . . .